How Many Countries Are There in the World?

A country is a geographic and political region with distinct boundaries recognized as an independent and sovereign state by other countries and international organizations. It is typically defined by factors such as its territory, government, population, culture, and history. Countries have their own legal systems, economies, and social structures and often have their languages, religions, and customs. As of March 2023, there were 195 recognized sovereign states worldwide, including 193 member states of the United Nations and two observer states (the Holy See and Palestine). However, the number of countries worldwide is subject to ongoing debate and depends on how one defines a "country." Some entities may have de facto control over a territory but may not be recognized as a sovereign state by the international community. Other parts may be in dispute or need more recognition. The international community does not recognize Taiwan and Kosovo as independent sovereign states.

Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), is a self-governing island territory in East Asia. The People's Republic of China (PRC) considers Taiwan a province of China, and many countries, including the United States, do not officially recognize Taiwan as a sovereign state to maintain diplomatic relations with the PRC. However, Taiwan is identified by a few countries and maintains unofficial relations with many others.

Kosovo, located in southeastern Europe, declared independence from Serbia in 2008. Kosovo had been recognized as an independent state by 98 out of 193 United Nations member states, including the United States and most European Union countries. However, Serbia, Russia, and some other countries do not recognize Kosovo's independence.